Saw



F. R. MORIN Jai.. 6, 1942.

sAw

Filed Sept. 19, 1939 vtm@ km; N055. -o

MSM Skh OQ Patented Jan. 6, 1942 UNITED A',silrrs mrraNT .orrlgca Floyd R. Morin, Ma hfeld,r Oreg. *Y

19, i939, serial' No. 295,627 Y i e`rApplication September '.1o1aim. (vol. 143-133) My invention relates tol saws which are oper-` able thru reciprocating motion and particularly towhat are known to th-e logging fraternity as falling saws The principal object of my invention is to proy vide a faster, smoother, and easier cutting saw and incidentally to reducethe exertions of the faller and the time required to accomplish his objectivethe falling of a tree.

'.Acrosssection of a Douglas r, for instance, comprisesa series of concentric rings of spring andsummer wood. Each pair ofrings represent the growth of the tree during a year.y The spring wood is soft and spongyandgenerally of greater area than the summer wood which is harder and firmer. This contrast -is sometimes very great. The number of rings may vary from four to sixty to the inch. This variation of texture and the alternate spacing ofthe annular rings of spring and summer wood has a tendency to make the saw dig into the spring wood and ride over the summer wood thereby making the action'of the saw rough and the surface of the kerf rough thus creatingfriction and a chance for sawdust to wedge in.

Douglas fir grows up to eight redwoods are often larger. Falling saws vare ve foot and longer. Men with three foot arms cannot pul1 a full stroke with the saws required to cut these large trees and as a consequence sawdust from the far side of the tree is carried toward the middle and must be carried back and out on the return stroke, which incidentally carries sawdust from the near side of the tree toward the middle. Because of this shuttling back and forth of the sawdust much of it iinds its way under the saw where it causes friction and sometimes jambs and wedges. This cannot be avoided where raker or plowing teeth are provided to cut in either direction thruout the length of the saw. The ideal condition is for the saw to cut thru contrasting spring and summer wood smoothly and easily, for the kerf to be smooth, and for the sawdust to be removed before it can cause undue friction, wedge or jamb. A fast, smooth, and easy cutting saw must be properly designed as well as properly fitted. I have provided such a saw and have illustrated it in the accompanying drawing. I have also illustrated a portion of the present day falling saw in order to more clearly distinguish between it and my improved saw.

Thruout the drawing and this specification similar numerals refer to similar parts.

- 25 feet inA diameter,

i Fig.' 1- is a `bottom view of `a portion of the pres-ent day standard falling saw; Fig. 2 is a. bottom viewk of a portion of my improved saw; Fig.,3 is an edge view of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of a sawdust shaving coiled in a gullet of the present day saw; Fig. 5 is an edge View of Fig. 4, `part in/section; Fig. 6 is an edge view similar to'Fig. 5, but of my saw. f

A fallingsaw A, a porton of which is shown in` Figs. 1 and v2, is formed as a segment of a great circle from-a thin piece of tempered steel. Teeth areY formed. onits curved edge I. This curved edge l'f permits free adaptation of the ,saw-to -i the arcuate ,movementas hereciprocates said saw. The present standard form and arrangement of teeth, as adopted bythe leading; saw manufacturers, is shown in Fig. 1, which I will briefly describe. The curved jcuttinggedge, 'l' is providedy with a plurality of raker posts 2 bifurcated to form` diverging legs -3', each of which is formed to provide a chiselface plowinggtocth 4', commonly calleda raker tooth. I.One -plowing toothis adapted to cut `when the saw is moved to the right and the other when the saw is moved to the left. This .arrangement of plowing teeth extends the entire length ofthe saw. :Provided for-*each plowing tooth 4' 4isy aawide sawdust-receiving gullet` 5'..- .Between the gullets'positioned b'etween adjacent raker posts are four lance or scoring. teeth designated 6' and 1. `These teeth are alternately and oppositely bevelled as shown, and

their function is to define the boundary of the kerf. They are fitted to score the kerf slightlyA y deeper than the thickness of the. shaving of sawdust that it is desired to remove with the plowing teeth 4. How-ever, nothing is provided to keep the scoring or plowing teeth from digging into the soft wood and riding over the hard wood. It will be further noted that the lance or scoring tooth 6 adjacent one plowing tooth 4 is bevelled on thebottom side of the saw while the tooth 1' adjacent the opposite plowing tooth 4 is bevelled on the top side of the saw. In other words, the scoring teeth on each side of a raker post 2 are oppositely bevelled and therefore the sawdust shaving does not leave the gullets 5 in a similar manner on both ends of they saW and hence when the stroke is reversed, top bevelled teeth tend to lift sawdust onto the saw by which it is eventually worked out of the kerf. which is desirable, while the bottombevelled teeth tend to force sawdust under the saw whereby friction is caused from wedging and jambing, and a rough kerf is had, all of` of thefusers arms l which is undesirable. More will be said about this bevelling later on. I eliminate much and many of the undesirable features above mentioned in my improved saw which I shall now describe.

A portion of my improved saw is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3. Its curved cutting edge I is provided with the raker posts 2 bifurcated to form the diverging legs 3 upon one of which is swaged a plowing tooth 4, or raker tooth as it is commonly called, having a width equal to the desired kerf. The sawdust-receiving gullet 5 is provided forward of each plowing tooth 4, and adjacent said gullet are the bottom-bevelled lance or scoring teeth S preceded by the top-bevelled scoring teeth 1. 'Ihe bottom-bevelledtooth Ii is al-y ways positioned adjacent the gullet 5 and inci-` dently the plowing tooth f4. Only two scoring teeth are shown, but it is desirable to'use four, j

or any even number so that the saw may remain balanced, where the texture of the wood is such as to wear down the points -8 ahead of the chiselface cutting edge rIl Aof the plowingd tooth 4. The bottom and top bevelling is relative to the bottom and top sides IIJand I I,'respectively, of the saw. The points 8 of the scoring teeth are set to score the kei-f I2 slightlydeeper than the thickness of the saw-dust shaving I3 that'it is 4desired to remove. The points 8 -on the teeth-6 are set to dene the top boundary I4 of the kerf I2 while ythe points 8 on the teeth 1 are set to denevthe vbottom boundary I5Yof said kerf. The thickness of the above mentioned sawdust Yshaving I3 is fixed, in my saw, by providing the stops I6 which,

asrillustrated, are a blunt termination I1 of the other leg 3 of the raker lpost 2. This termination I'Ir is short of the chisel-face cutting edge 9 of the plowing tooth 4 a distance `equal to the thickness Aof the sawdust shaving I3 it is desired to remove by saidltooth 4. To the right of the saw `center rline I8 the teeth 4 are formed on the right hand leg 3.0i the raker postl2,` while to the Vleft of thecenterfline .said teeth are formed on the left hand leg `3 of the raker post 2. In other words, when the saw .is move'dto the rightonly the teethd on theright handhalf ofthe saw cut, vand when the Vsaw is moved to theleft only the .teeth cnV the left hand half of thesaw cut. .From the vabove it is obvious that sawdust is not dragged into the kerf from the left hand side of the tree when the saw is moved to the right, or from the right hand side of the tree when the saw is moved to the left. It is obvious that when the stroke is reversed any sawdust remaining in the gullets stays there. The sawdust shaving I3 curls up in the gullet 5 similar to a spring and it has some tension in it tending to cause it to open up or straighten out when side pressure is released. When the shaving is in the kerf it cannot move in any direction unless it breaks up. When the gullet is clear of the kerf, as at the end of the stroke, top and bottom pressure is released and gravity tends to cause the shaving to drop, while the tension stored up in lthe coil tends to cause the same to pop open, and it does. Since the construction is the same at both ends of the saw the action is the same, while in the present saw, one 4side is free as shown in Fig. 5, and the other side is obstructed as shown in Fig. 6, hence, the gullets arelnot cleared .as-'fast or as clean. VIt will v,be notedthat with my arrangement Ieliminate one .halfr of the gullets which space is incidently utilized for cutting and scoring teeth.

, It is further pointed out that .the plowing teeth `4 are'closely vsupportedbya depth gauge stop I6 which is formed inspace and of material .unnecessary to eitherthestructure or strength of the saw parts since vthe raker post 2 .is cantilevered from the saw body and thestresses diminish from the vbody out. Without illustration it may be .pointed outv that the ,stops I6 may be formedas individual units as for instance, by dubbing. voii a lance itooth.

Having described vmyinvention so .that any.- one skilled in the art may `incorporate parts singly or severally in a saw, I claim:

A falling saw'comprising 'a plurality of sawdust-receiving gullets,.a plurality of .raker teeth, lthose on, each side of the saw centerline having their cutting edge facing the respective saw end, and two or more lance 'teeth positioned on the opposite side of the ,gullet lfrom a` raker tooth, each lance tooth adjacent thel gullet kbeing bevelled on the bottom side'of the saw thruoutits .length 'whereby sawdust yis free to drop downwardly out of the gullet in a like manner on .each lend of the saw.

v FLOYD R. MORIN. 

